二氧化氯消毒器，是一種水處理消毒設(shè)備。在原有基礎(chǔ)上，愛(ài)諾環(huán)保研制出第二代二氧化氯消毒器——新型一體化高純型二氧化氯發(fā)生器，它們具有相同工作原理，不過(guò)新型設(shè)備具有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)特點(diǎn)，更為高效

二氧化氯消毒器是采用化學(xué)負(fù)壓曝氣工藝、制取以二氧化氯為主，CL2為輔的一種混合消毒劑。

二氧化氯消毒器及廣泛用于自來(lái)水、自卑井水、二次供水消毒、醫(yī)院污水處理、游泳池消毒、工業(yè)循環(huán)冷卻水和回用中水的消毒和殺菌黃總，此外還可用于造紙印染行業(yè)的漂白、工業(yè)廢水、生活污水的脫色、去臭、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖廠水體消毒，屠宰行業(yè)污水處理等范圍。

二氧化氯消毒器相對(duì)于其它消毒設(shè)備來(lái)講，設(shè)備便宜，殺菌*，是目前的消毒設(shè)備。

二氧化氯是一種強(qiáng)氧化劑，在制造二氧化氯過(guò)程中伴生的Cl2、O3、H2O2等，同二氧化氯一樣都有有很強(qiáng)的氧化消毒作用。二氧化氯可以破壞細(xì)胞的酶而導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞死亡。

二氧化氯可以再?gòu)V泛的pH值范圍內(nèi)具有廣譜的殺菌能力，在較高的PH值時(shí)二氧化氯比氯的殺菌能力高3倍，氧化能力為自由氯的兩倍。二氧化氯由于不予氨氮等化合物作用，故其余氯比較高，消毒效果比CL2好。^[1]

二氧化氯易于揮發(fā)和爆炸，故而二氧化氯應(yīng)避免氣體逸出，并控制其在空氣中的濃度小于10％和在水中的濃度小于30％，并應(yīng)密閉貯存。

二氧化氯除了用于消毒外，還可以用于除臭和除色等。

二氧化氯在常溫下是黃色的氣體，具有類(lèi)似CL2那樣令人不愉快的刺激性氣味在使用時(shí)投入多少是很大的一個(gè)問(wèn)題，對(duì)此，我們簡(jiǎn)單介紹以下二氧化氯消毒器的要求：

(1)二氧化氯投加量:投加量與遠(yuǎn)水水質(zhì)和投加目的有關(guān)。一般應(yīng)通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)確定。常用投加范圍大致如下：

①消毒：0.1~1.3mg/L;

②消毒兼除臭：0.6~1.3mg/L;

③消毒、除臭及氧化有機(jī)物、鐵、錳時(shí)1~1.5mg/L;

④投加量應(yīng)保證管網(wǎng)末端有0.05mg/L的余氯。

(2)投加濃度：氣水溶液應(yīng)控制在6~8mg/L。

(3)設(shè)置二氧化氯發(fā)生裝置的房間應(yīng)考慮通風(fēng)換氣良好。換氣次數(shù)為8~10次/L。

一種操作簡(jiǎn)單、高轉(zhuǎn)化率、高純度、多用途、環(huán)保型化學(xué)法中、小型二氧化氯多級(jí)發(fā)生器。這種二氧化氯發(fā)生器，是由釜式反應(yīng)器通過(guò)耐酸導(dǎo)管和水射式真空機(jī)組組成。釜式反應(yīng)器采用的是兩級(jí)或多級(jí)反應(yīng)器，主反應(yīng)釜內(nèi)設(shè)有空氣分布器，副反應(yīng)釜設(shè)置了平衡管，使反應(yīng)更*，反應(yīng)后的殘液可達(dá)標(biāo)排放。生成的二氧化氯制得水溶液，也可以制得穩(wěn)定二氧化氯溶液。

做為一種新型的氧化劑和消毒劑，二氧化氯以其高效、廣譜、無(wú)殘留、無(wú)副產(chǎn)物的消毒能力和脫色、除臭、除異味等強(qiáng)氧化能力已經(jīng)成為水處理領(lǐng)域的*。和紫外線、臭氧、次氯酸鈉、CL2等傳統(tǒng)的消毒劑相比二氧化氯有著*的優(yōu)勢(shì)，它越來(lái)越成為業(yè)內(nèi)人士的*選擇。

（1） 系統(tǒng)組成

化學(xué)法二氧化氯發(fā)生器，由供料系統(tǒng)、反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)、安全系統(tǒng)、自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)和吸收投加系組成。

（2）分類(lèi)

一類(lèi)為高純二氧化氯消毒劑發(fā)生器，另一類(lèi)為二氧化氯復(fù)合消毒劑發(fā)生器。顧名思義，純二氧化氯消毒劑發(fā)生器生成物的為二氧化氯，而二氧化氯復(fù)合消毒劑發(fā)生器生成二氧化氯和CL2等混合溶液。

（3）反應(yīng)原理

一類(lèi)反應(yīng)原理：5NaCLO2+4HCL=4CLO2+5NaCL+2H 2O

（1）一類(lèi)使用原料：亞氯酸鈉（工業(yè)一級(jí)品，含量≥85%）工業(yè)合成鹽酸（濃度≥31%）

或濃硫酸（工業(yè)一級(jí)品，濃度83.0±2.0%）氯酸鈉（工業(yè)一級(jí)品，含量≥99%）過(guò)氧化氫（工業(yè)合格品，含量≥27.5%） 次氯酸鈉 10%

（2）二類(lèi)使用原料：氯酸鈉（工業(yè)一級(jí)品，含量≥99%）工業(yè)合成鹽酸（濃度≥31%）

（1）根據(jù)每天污水量/凈水量，計(jì)算出每小時(shí)污水流量/凈水流量，再乘以投加量。

（2）設(shè)備選型：（例如：某醫(yī)院一天污水量為200立方，排放時(shí)間10小時(shí)，每小時(shí)污水量為20立方，根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)，綜合性醫(yī)院每立方污水投加30克二氧化氯，故設(shè)備型號(hào)為：WHZ-600克，即每小時(shí)發(fā)生量為：600克。）

1）、發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)及電器設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)符合GB 19517和GB 5083或相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和組織認(rèn)可的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

2）、發(fā)生器采用的PVC材料應(yīng)符合GB/T 4219.1和QB/T 3802或相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和組織認(rèn)可的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

3）、發(fā)生器的制造應(yīng)符合JB/T 2932或相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和組織認(rèn)可的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定。衛(wèi)生部頒發(fā)的二氧化氯發(fā)生器許可批件4）、發(fā)生器的反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)設(shè)置安全防爆裝置。

5）、各管道應(yīng)無(wú)泄漏現(xiàn)象。

6）、原料液輸送應(yīng)有連動(dòng)裝置。

7）、發(fā)生器運(yùn)行時(shí)所用原料鹽酸、氯酸鈉應(yīng)符合相應(yīng)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定。

1）、二氧化氯消毒劑發(fā)生器

發(fā)生器的二氧化氯產(chǎn)量應(yīng)不低于額定值；

發(fā)生器產(chǎn)生的消毒劑溶液中，二氧化氯（以有效氯計(jì)）占總有效氯的質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù)不小于95%；

主要原料如亞氯酸鈉的轉(zhuǎn)化率不低于80%。

2）、二氧化氯復(fù)合消毒劑發(fā)生器

發(fā)生器的有效氯產(chǎn)量應(yīng)不低于額定值；

發(fā)生器產(chǎn)生的消毒劑溶液中，二氧化氯（以有效氯計(jì)）占總有效氯的質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù)不小于55%；

主要原料如氯酸鈉、亞氯酸鈉的轉(zhuǎn)化率不低于60%。

3）、在正常工況下，發(fā)生器的使用壽命不小于5 年，平均*工作時(shí)間不少于8000h。

4）、發(fā)生器在正常工況下應(yīng)具備良好的密封性，發(fā)生器在室內(nèi)使用時(shí)（具備良好的通風(fēng)條件，環(huán)境溫度以5℃～40℃為宜），室內(nèi)環(huán)境中CL2濃度應(yīng)符合HJ/T 30的規(guī)定，其zui高允許濃度應(yīng)小于1mg/m。

5）、用于飲用水時(shí)，消毒后水中的亞氯酸根、氯酸根等原料殘留物的總量應(yīng)不大于0.7mg/L。

化學(xué)法復(fù)合二氧化氯發(fā)生器generator of complex chlorine dioxide by chemical reaction（以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)：發(fā)生器）

以氯酸鈉和鹽酸為主要原料經(jīng)化學(xué)反應(yīng)生成二氧化氯和CL2等混合溶液的發(fā)生裝置。

3．2

二氧化氯產(chǎn)量production of chlorine dioxide

指發(fā)生器在設(shè)計(jì)的正常工作狀態(tài)下，每小時(shí)產(chǎn)生二氧化氯的質(zhì)量，單位為g/h,kg/h。

3．3

有效氯available chlorine

有效氯是衡量含氯消毒劑氧化能力的標(biāo)志，是指與含氯消毒劑氧化能力相當(dāng)?shù)穆攘浚ǚ侵赶緞┧攘浚?，本?biāo)準(zhǔn)特指發(fā)生器出口溶液中反應(yīng)生成的二氧化氯和CL2全部按氧化價(jià)態(tài)換算成CL2的質(zhì)量。

3．4

有效氯產(chǎn)量production of available chlorine

指發(fā)生器在設(shè)計(jì)的正常工作狀態(tài)下，每小時(shí)產(chǎn)生有效氯的質(zhì)量，單位為g/h,kg/h。

3．5

二氧化氯濃度concentration of chlorine dioxide

指每升出口溶液中所含二氧化氯的質(zhì)量，單位為mg/L。

3．6

有效氯濃度concentration of available chlorine

指每升出口溶液中所含有效氯的質(zhì)量，單位為mg/L。

3．7

二氧化氯轉(zhuǎn)化率yield of chlorine dioxide

每小時(shí)產(chǎn)生二氧化氯的摩爾數(shù)與每小時(shí)進(jìn)入反應(yīng)器的氯酸鈉的摩爾數(shù)之比，以百分?jǐn)?shù)表示。

3．8

氯酸鈉耗率sodium chlorate consumption

二氧化氯發(fā)生器在額定狀態(tài)下運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，每生成1kg有效氯所消耗原料氯酸鈉的質(zhì)量，單位為kg/kg。

化學(xué)法復(fù)合二氧化氯發(fā)生器應(yīng)按以下格式表明規(guī)格。

XXX-YXL-EYHL-T(Z)

其中：XXX——化學(xué)法復(fù)合二氧化氯發(fā)生器代號(hào)；

YXL——額定的有效氯產(chǎn)量，單位為g/h或kg/h；

EYHL——額定的二氧化氯產(chǎn)量，單位為g/h或kg/h；

T——溫控型（帶溫度控制的產(chǎn)品）；

Z——自動(dòng)型制型。

1．1 發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)及電器設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)符合GB/T 4064 和GB 5083或相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和組織認(rèn)可的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

1．2 發(fā)生器采用的PVC材料應(yīng)符合GB 4219和QB/T 3802-1999或相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和組織認(rèn)可的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

1．3 發(fā)生器的制造應(yīng)符合JB 2932-1996或相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和組織認(rèn)可的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定。

1．4 發(fā)生器的反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)設(shè)置安全防爆裝置。

1．5 各管道應(yīng)無(wú)泄漏現(xiàn)象。

1．6 原料液輸送應(yīng)有連動(dòng)裝置。

1．7 發(fā)生器的外觀應(yīng)無(wú)明顯脫漆、裂縫。

1．8 發(fā)生器運(yùn)行時(shí)所用原料鹽酸、氯酸鈉應(yīng)符合相應(yīng)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定。

2．1 出口溶液外觀：黃色或淡黃色，清澈透明，無(wú)可見(jiàn)機(jī)械雜質(zhì)。

5．2．3 本發(fā)生器用于飲用水處理時(shí)，應(yīng)保證處理后的水質(zhì)達(dá)到《生活飲用水水質(zhì)衛(wèi)生規(guī)范》要求。

5．2．4 連續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)穩(wěn)定性要求：發(fā)生器調(diào)試穩(wěn)定后，72 h內(nèi)平均抽樣不少于10次，二氧化氯轉(zhuǎn)化率應(yīng)達(dá)到表1要求。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相對(duì)偏差不大于15%。

二氧化氯是強(qiáng)氧化劑，其氣體對(duì)上呼吸道有刺激作用，因而要保持操作環(huán)境通風(fēng)。采樣時(shí)須帶防護(hù)手套，必要時(shí)戴上*以保護(hù)呼吸道免受刺激。移取樣品應(yīng)在通風(fēng)櫥中進(jìn)行。同時(shí)，部分分析試劑具有強(qiáng)腐蝕性，操作時(shí)應(yīng)小心謹(jǐn)慎，避免濺

4．1 原料進(jìn)口流量的測(cè)定

4．1．1 操作步驟

原料罐與進(jìn)料之間連接一個(gè)固定體積的容器。先將液面控制在初始標(biāo)記之上，關(guān)閉原料罐的閥門(mén)。當(dāng)液面到達(dá)初始標(biāo)記時(shí)，開(kāi)始用秒表計(jì)時(shí)，當(dāng)液面到達(dá)zui終標(biāo)記時(shí)，停止秒表，記下時(shí)間（t）。根據(jù)計(jì)時(shí)時(shí)間和兩標(biāo)記之間的體積差計(jì)算得到此原料進(jìn)口流量。流量測(cè)定計(jì)時(shí)時(shí)間應(yīng)在10 min 以上，平均測(cè)定3次。計(jì)算流量。

4．1．2 結(jié)果計(jì)算

原料進(jìn)口流量L1按公式（1）計(jì)算：

L1=（V1　-V0）/t/3600 ……（1）　

式中：

L1——原料進(jìn)口流量，單位為升每小時(shí)(L/h);

V1——測(cè)量時(shí)記錄的zui終刻度所示的體積，單位為升（L）；

V0——測(cè)量時(shí)紀(jì)錄的初始刻度所示的體積，單位為升（L）；

t——測(cè)量所用的時(shí)間，單位為秒(s).

4．2 出口溶液流量的測(cè)定

4．2．1 方法提要

將發(fā)生器調(diào)整到正常生產(chǎn)要求的出口流量，記錄一定時(shí)間內(nèi)流出的液體的體積，計(jì)算出口溶液流量

4．2．2 儀器

秒表。

4．2．3 操作步驟

取一適當(dāng)體積的容器，預(yù)先校正好某個(gè)標(biāo)記段的體積，將發(fā)生器排除口的導(dǎo)管與容器連接，打開(kāi)閥門(mén)，待液面到初始標(biāo)記刻度（V0）時(shí)，啟動(dòng)秒表，當(dāng)液面上升至zui終標(biāo)記刻度（V1）時(shí)，停止秒表，記下時(shí)間（t）。流量測(cè)定計(jì)時(shí)時(shí)間應(yīng)在60 s以上，平均測(cè)定3次，相對(duì)偏差不大于1%。

4．2．4 結(jié)果計(jì)算

發(fā)生器出口流量L2按公式（2）計(jì)算：

L2= （V1-V0）/t/3600 ……（2）

式中：

L2——發(fā)生器出口流量，單位為升每小時(shí)（L/h）;

V1——測(cè)量時(shí)記錄的zui終刻度所示的體積，單位為升（L）；

V0——測(cè)量時(shí)記錄的初始刻度所示的體積，單位為升（L）；

t——測(cè)量所用的時(shí)間，單位為秒（s）。

產(chǎn)量的計(jì)算

5．1 二氧化氯產(chǎn)量Q1按公式（3）計(jì)算：

Q1=L2×c1/1 ……（3）

式中：

Q1——二氧化氯的產(chǎn)量，單位為克每小時(shí)（g/h）；

L2——產(chǎn)品正常運(yùn)行時(shí)與采樣同周期出口溶液的流量，單位為升每小時(shí)(L/h)；

c1——發(fā)生器正常運(yùn)行時(shí)出口溶液中冊(cè)的的二氧化氯的濃度，單位為毫克每升(mg/L)。

5．2 有效氯產(chǎn)量Q2按公式（4）計(jì)算：

Q2=L2×（2.63×c1+c2）/1000 ……（4）

式中：

Q2——有效氯的產(chǎn)量，單位為克每小時(shí)（g/h）；

L2——產(chǎn)品正常運(yùn)行時(shí)，與采樣同周期出口溶液的流量，單位為升每小時(shí)（L/h）；

c1——發(fā)生器正常運(yùn)行時(shí)出口溶液中測(cè)得的二氧化氯的濃度，單位為毫克每升(mg/L)；

c2——發(fā)生器正常運(yùn)行時(shí)出口溶液中測(cè)得的CL2的濃度，單位為毫克每升(mg/L)；

2．63——二氧化氯換算成CL2的系數(shù)。

到皮膚上。

二氧化氯與CL2的質(zhì)量比值R按式（5）計(jì)算：

R=c1/c2 ……（5）

式中：

c1——發(fā)生器正常運(yùn)行時(shí)出口溶液中測(cè)得的二氧化氯的濃度，單位為毫克每升(mg/L)；

c2——發(fā)生器正常運(yùn)行時(shí)出口溶液中測(cè)得的CL2的濃度，單位為毫克每升(mg/L)；

氯酸鈉耗率H的計(jì)算按公式（7）計(jì)算：

H=[（L1×ρ×ω）×10 ]/[ (2．63×c1+c2) ×L2]×100……（7）

式中：

c1——發(fā)生器出口溶液中二氧化氯濃度，單位為毫克每升(mg/L)；

c2——發(fā)生器出口溶液中CL2濃度，單位為毫克每升(mg/L)；

L1——原料氯酸鈉進(jìn)口溶液的流量，單位為升每小時(shí)（L./h）;

L2——出口二氧化氯溶液的流量，單位為升每小時(shí)（L/h）；

ρ——原料氯酸鈉溶液的密度，單位為千克每升(kg/L)；

ω——原料氯酸鈉溶液的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，%；

2．63——二氧化氯換算成CL2的系數(shù)

9．1 方法提要

用配有復(fù)合電極或玻璃測(cè)量電極和飽和甘汞參比電極的酸度計(jì)直接測(cè)量試樣溶液的pH值。

9．2 儀器、設(shè)備

9．2．1 酸度計(jì)：分度值為0.1pH單位，配有復(fù)合電極或玻璃電極和飽和甘汞電極。使用前進(jìn)行校正。

9．3 分析步驟

取約80mL試樣，置于100mL燒杯中，用攪拌子緩緩攪勻。用酸度計(jì)測(cè)量。

9．4 允許差

取平行測(cè)定結(jié)果的算術(shù)平均值為測(cè)定結(jié)果，兩次平行測(cè)定結(jié)果的值之差不大于0.2pH的單位。

10．1 方法提要

設(shè)備開(kāi)機(jī)達(dá)到穩(wěn)定，調(diào)整好發(fā)生量后，按附錄A的要求取樣,測(cè)定二氧化氯的濃度,分別計(jì)算出產(chǎn)量二氧化氯轉(zhuǎn)化率及其相對(duì)偏差.

10．2 測(cè)定

10．2．1 開(kāi)機(jī)、調(diào)試設(shè)備達(dá)穩(wěn)定后，調(diào)整好發(fā)生量，在72 h內(nèi)，平均時(shí)間間隔采取不少于10次樣品，按6、5、6、7分別計(jì)算產(chǎn)量和二氧化氯轉(zhuǎn)化率。應(yīng)符合5.2.2的要求。

7．1 本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)采用出廠檢驗(yàn)和型式檢驗(yàn)。

7．1．1 本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的所有要求項(xiàng)目為型式檢驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目。

7．1．2 其中5.1.1～5.1.7規(guī)定的要求為出廠檢驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目。正常生產(chǎn)時(shí)，每生產(chǎn)100臺(tái)（年產(chǎn)少于100臺(tái)的每年進(jìn)行1次）進(jìn)行1次型式檢驗(yàn)。進(jìn)行型式檢驗(yàn)時(shí)，以每臺(tái)發(fā)生器為采樣單元，隨機(jī)抽取不少于采樣單元數(shù)3%的樣機(jī)，但zui低不少于1臺(tái)。

7．2 每臺(tái)發(fā)生器由生產(chǎn)廠的質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)部門(mén)按本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。生產(chǎn)廠應(yīng)保證所有出廠的發(fā)生器都符合本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求。

7．3 使用單位有權(quán)按照本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定對(duì)所收到的發(fā)生器進(jìn)行驗(yàn)收，驗(yàn)收應(yīng)在到貨之日算起的一個(gè)月內(nèi)進(jìn)行。

7．4 檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果如有一項(xiàng)指標(biāo)不符合本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求時(shí)，應(yīng)重新加倍抽樣復(fù)驗(yàn)，仍不符合要求應(yīng)停止生產(chǎn)，待查清原因后，重新進(jìn)行型式檢驗(yàn)。

7．5 化學(xué)分析數(shù)據(jù)按GB/T 1250 的修約值比較法判定結(jié)果是否符合本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

9．1 包裝方式：發(fā)生器采用木板箱裝，個(gè)別備件也可采用捆裝。箱裝應(yīng)防潮、防震、包裝件外形尺寸和重量應(yīng)符合GB/T 13384的規(guī)定。

9．2 隨機(jī)文件應(yīng)包括：使用說(shuō)明書(shū)、安全操作規(guī)程、產(chǎn)品合格證、裝箱單、隨機(jī)備件、附件清單、其他有關(guān)技術(shù)文件資料。

9．3 發(fā)生器運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中防止碰撞和震動(dòng)，發(fā)生器不得倒置，應(yīng)防止日曬和雨淋。

9．4 發(fā)生器應(yīng)貯存在干燥通風(fēng)的場(chǎng)地，應(yīng)防止日曬和雨淋，周?chē)鸁o(wú)腐蝕性的氣體。

Chlorine dioxide sterilizer is a kind of water treatment sterilization equipment. On the basis of the original, love, environmental protection developed the second generation of chlorine dioxide disinfector, integration of new type high purity chlorine dioxide generator, they have the same working principle, but has obvious advantages in new equipment, more efficient 
Chlorine dioxide sterilizer is a kind of mixed disinfectant which USES chemical negative pressure aeration technology, the production of chlorine dioxide and CL2 as auxiliary. 
Chlorine dioxide disinfector humbled and widely used in tap water, well water, secondary sewage treatment, swimming pool water disinfection, hospital disinfection, industrial circulating cooling water and recycle water disinfection and sterilization in yellow total, moreover can also be used in the bleaching of paper printing and dyeing industry, industrial wastewater and domestic sewage of decoloring, go smelly water disinfection, aquatic plants, slaughtering industry sewage treatment, etc. 
The chlorine dioxide sterilizer is cheap, sterilizing and is the most popular sterilizing equipment for other sterilizing equipment. 
Chlorine dioxide is a powerful oxidant. Cl2, O3, H2O2, etc., which are associated with chlorine dioxide, have strong oxidation and disinfection. Chlorine dioxide can destroy the enzymes of cells and lead to cell death. 
Chlorine dioxide can have wide spectrum of bactericidal ability within a wide range of pH values, and chlorine dioxide is 3 times more sterilizing than chlorine and twice as much oxidation as free chlorine at higher pH value. Chlorine dioxide is not free of ammonia nitrogen and other compounds, so the remaining chlorine is relatively high and the disinfection effect is better than CL2. [1] 
Chlorine dioxide is easy to volatilize and explode. Therefore, chlorine dioxide should avoid gas escape and control its concentration in air less than 10% and in water concentration less than 30%, and should be sealed and stored. 
Chlorine dioxide is used for deodorization and deodorization. 
 
Chlorine dioxide is a yellow gas at room temperature, with similar CL2 as unpleasant pungent odor when use how much is a big problem, for this, we introduce the following the requirement of chlorine dioxide disinfector: 
(1) amount of chlorine dioxide: the amount of investment is related to the water quality and the purpose of the investment. It is usually determined by experiment. The commonly used range is as follows: 
Disinfection: 0.1 ~ 1.3 mg/L; 
Disinfection and deodorant: 0.6 ~ 1.3 mg/L; 
1 ~ 1.5mg/L for disinfection, deodorant and oxidizing organics, iron and manganese; 
It is necessary to ensure that residual chlorine at the end of the network is 0.05mg/L. 
(2) concentration: the gas solution should be controlled at 6 ~ 8mg/L. 
(3) the room for setting the chlorine dioxide installation should be considered for ventilation and ventilation. The ventilation rate is 8 ~ 10 times/L. 
An operation simple, high conversion rate, high purity, multi-purpose, environmental protection chemical method, small chlorine dioxide multistage generator. This type of chlorine dioxide generator is composed of an acid-proof catheter and a water jet vacuum unit. Tank reactor USES two level or multistage reactor, the reaction kettle with air distributor, the side reaction kettle set the balance pipe, make the reaction more thoroughly, residual liquid can be up to standard of discharge after reaction. The resulting chlorine dioxide solution can also be stabilized with chlorine dioxide. 
 
 
As a new kind of oxidant and disinfectant, chlorine dioxide, with its high efficiency, broad spectrum and no residue, no by-products of disinfection capability and decolorization, deodorization, in addition to the peculiar smell such as strong oxidation ability has become a leader in the field of water treatment. Compared with the traditional disinfectants such as ultraviolet, ozone, sodium hypochlorite and CL2, chlorine dioxide has a unique advantage. It is becoming the first choice of the industry. 
(1) system composition 
The chemical method chlorine dioxide generator is composed of feeding system, reaction system, safety system, automatic control system and absorption input. 
(2) classification 
One is the high purity chlorine dioxide disinfectant generator, and the other is the chlorine dioxide compound disinfectant generator. As the name implies, the pure chlorine dioxide disinfectant generator is the chlorine dioxide, and the chlorine dioxide compound disinfectant generator produces a mixture of chlorine dioxide and CL2. 
(3) principle of reaction 
One kind of reaction principle: 5NaCLO2 + 4HCL = 4CLO2 + 5NaCL + 2H 2O 
(1) a class of using raw materials: sodium hypochlorite (industrial grade one, content is greater than 85%) and industrial synthesis of hydrochloric acid (concentration greater than 31%) 
Or concentrated sulfuric acid (industrial grade one, concentration of 83.0 + + 2.0%) sodium chlorate (industrial grade one, content is greater than 99%) hydrogen peroxide (industrial quality product, content is greater than 27.5%), 10% of sodium hypochlorite 
(2) two types of raw materials: sodium chlorate (industrial one grade, content of more than 99%) industrial synthetic hydrochloric acid (concentration > 31%) 
(1) according to the daily sewage quantity/net water amount, calculate the sewage discharge per hour/water flow rate and multiply it by the amount of water added. 
(2) equipment selection: (for example: one day a hospital sewage volume is 200 cubic, discharge time 10 hours, sewage quantity is 20 cubic per hour, according to the design parameters, general hospital per cubic metre of water 30 grams of dosing chlorine dioxide, so the equipment model is: WHZ - 600 grams, per hour number is: 600 grams). 
1) the design and electrical design of the generator shall conform to the standard requirements of GB 19517 and GB 5083 or corresponding international standards and international organizations. 
2) the PVC material adopted by the generator shall conform to the standard requirements of GB/T 4219.1 and QB/T 3802 or corresponding international standards and international organizations. 
3) the manufacture of the generator shall conform to the standard of JB/T 2932 or corresponding international standards and international organizations. The reaction system of the chlorine dioxide generator approved by the ministry of health shall set up the safety explosion protection device. 
5) all pipelines should be free of leakage. 
6) the raw material shall be transported with the continuous mechanism. 
7) the raw materials used in the operation of the generator shall conform to the relevant national standards. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1) chlorine dioxide disinfectant generator 
The chlorine dioxide output of the generator shall not be lower than the rated value; 
In the disinfectant solution produced by the generator, chlorine dioxide (in effective chlorine) was not less than 95% of the total effective chlorine. 
Main raw materials such as sodium chlorite conversion rate not less than 80%. 
2) chlorine dioxide compound disinfectant generator 
The effective chlorine yield of the generator should not be lower than the rating. 
In the disinfectant solution produced by the generator, chlorine dioxide (in effective chlorine) was not less than 55% of the total effective chlorine. 
The main raw materials such as sodium chlorate and sodium chlorate are not less than 60%. 
3) under normal working conditions, the life of the generator shall not be less than 5 years, and the average working time shall not be less than 8000h. 
4) under normal conditions, the generator should have good sealing, generator in indoor use, good ventilation, the environment temperature by 5 ℃ to 40 ℃ advisable), CL2 concentration in indoor environment should comply with the provisions of the HJ/T 30, the maximum allowable concentration should be less than 1 mg/m. 
5) when used for drinking water, the total amount of raw material residues such as chlorate and chlorate in the water after disinfection should not be greater than 0.7 mg/L. 
Chemical compound chlorine dioxide generator generator of complex chlorine dioxide by chemical reaction (hereinafter referred to as: generator) 
The main raw materials of sodium chlorate and hydrochloric acid were used to generate the mixing solution of chlorine dioxide and CL2. 
3.2 
Chlorine dioxide production production of chlorine dioxide 
Refers to the quality of chlorine dioxide produced per hour in the normal working state of the design. The unit is g/h, kg/h. 
3.3 
Available chlorine available chlorine 
Measure chlorine disinfectants available chlorine is a sign of oxidation ability, refers to the amount of chlorine and chlorine disinfectants oxidation ability quite (non disinfectant chlorine content), the standard mean generator outlet in the solution of chlorine dioxide and CL2 by oxidation valence conversion into the quality of the CL2. 
3.4 
Available chlorine production production of available chlorine 
In the normal working condition of the design, the quality of effective chlorine is produced per hour. The unit is g/h, kg/h. 
3.5 
The concentration of chlorine dioxide concentration of chlorine dioxide 
Refers to the quality of chlorine dioxide contained in each liter of exportation solution, which is mg/L. 
3.6 
The concentration of available chlorine concentration of available chlorine 
Refers to the quality of effective chlorine in every liter of exportation solution, mg/L. 
3.7 
The chlorine dioxide conversion yield of chlorine dioxide 
The ratio of the number of moles of chlorine dioxide per hour to the number of moles of sodium chloride that enters the reactor per hour is expressed as a percentage. 
3.8 
Sodium chlorate consumption rate sodium chloride consumption 
When the chlorine dioxide generator is operating at rated state, the quality of sodium chlorate is consumed in every 1kg of effective chlorine, and the unit is kg/kg. 
 
The chemical compound chlorine dioxide generator should be shown in the following format. 
XXX - YXL - EYHL - T (Z) 
Among them: XXX -- chemical compound chlorine dioxide generator code; 
YXL - the rated effective chlorine yield is g/h or kg/h; 
EYHL -- the rated chlorine dioxide production unit is g/h or kg/h; 
T - temperature control (product with temperature control); 
Z -- automatic type. 
 
1.1 the design and electrical design of the generator shall conform to the standard requirements of GB/T 4064 and GB 5083 or corresponding international standards and international organizations. 
1.2 the PVC materials used by the generator shall conform to the standard requirements of GB 4219 and QB/T 3802-1999 or corresponding international standards and international organizations. 
1.3 the manufacture of the generator shall conform to the standard set by JB 2932-1996 or corresponding international standards and international organizations. 
1.4 the reaction system of the generator shall set up safety explosion-proof devices. 
1.5 all pipelines should have no leakage. 
1.6 the raw material shall be transported with the continuous mechanism. 
1.7 the appearance of the generator shall have no obvious unvarnishes and cracks. 
1.8 the raw material used in the operation of the generator shall meet the relevant national standards. 
 
2.1 export solution appearance: yellow or light yellow, clear and transparent, no mechanical impurity. 
5.2.3 when used for drinking water treatment, this generator shall ensure that the treated water quality meets the requirements of the hygienic standard for drinking water quality. 
5.2.4 continuous operation stability requirements: after the generator debugging and stabilization, the average sampling within 72 h shall not be less than 10 times, and the conversion rate of chlorine dioxide shall reach the requirements of table 1. The standard relative deviation is not greater than 15%. 
Chlorine dioxide is a powerful oxidant, and its gases stimulate the upper airway, so it should keep the operating environment ventilated. Wear protective gloves when sampling, and use a special breathing mask when necessary to protect your respiratory tract from irritation. Removal of samples shall be carried out in the fume hood. At the same time, some analytical reagents are highly corrosive, and should be careful to avoid splash 
 
4.1 determination of raw material inlet flow 
4.1.1 operation procedure 
The raw material can be connected to the feed by a fixed volume container. Control the liquid level above the initial mark and close the valve of the raw material tank. When the liquid surface reaches the initial mark, start time with the stopwatch, stop the stopwatch and record time (t) when the liquid surface reaches the final mark. The volume difference between the timing time and the two marks is calculated. The measuring time of flow measurement should be over 10 min and three times on average. Calculate the flow. 
4.1.2 calculation of results 
(1) calculation: 
L1 = (V1 - V0)/t / 3600... (1) 
Type: 
L1 - raw material inlet flow, unit for liter per hour (L/h); 
V1 -- the volume shown in the final scale recorded at the time of measurement is liters (L); 
V0 -- the volume shown in the initial calibration of the measured time record is in liters (L); 
T -- the time used for the measurement is in seconds (s). 
4.2 determination of flow of outlet solution 
4.2.1 method feed 
Adjust the output of the generator to the normal production requirement, record the volume of the liquid flowing out of the time, and calculate the flow of the outlet solution 
4.2.2 instruments 
A stopwatch. 
4.2.3 operation procedure 
In a proper volume of the container, the precorrection a marker of volume, connect the generator to eliminate mouth catheter with container, open the valves, liquid level in the initial marking scale (where V0), start the stopwatch, when the liquid surface to end tag scale (V1), stop the stopwatch, write down the time (t). The measuring time of flow measurement should be above 60 s, and the average measurement is 3 times. The relative deviation is not greater than 1%. 
4.2.4 calculation of results 
The output flow L2 of the generator is calculated by formula (2) : 
L2 = (V1 - V0)/t / 3600... (2) 
Type: 
L2 -- the outlet flow of the generator, per hour (L/h); 
V1 -- the volume shown in the final scale recorded at the time of measurement is liters (L); 
V0 -- the volume shown in the initial scale recorded at the time of measurement, the unit is liters (L); 
T -- the time used for the measurement is in seconds (s). 
Production calculation 
5.1 the chlorine dioxide output Q1 is calculated by formula (3) : 
Q1 (c1 = L2/1... (3) 
Type: 
Q1 -- the production of chlorine dioxide per hour (g/h); 
L2 -- the flow of the product during normal operation of the product and the sample during the period of the output of the product is up to an hour (L/h). 
C1 -- the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the volume of the exported solution during normal operation of the generator, per liter (mg/L). 
5.2 effective chlorine yield Q2 is calculated by formula (4) : 
Q2 = L2 times (2.63 times c1 + c2) / 1000... (4) 
Type: 
Q2 - effective chlorine production per hour (g/h). 
L2 -- during normal operation of the product, the flow rate of the outlet solution of the sample during the same period will be increased per hour (L/h). 
C1 -- the concentration of chlorine dioxide measured in the outlet solution during normal operation of the generator is per liter per liter (mg/L). 
C2 -- the concentration of CL2 measured in the outlet solution during normal operation of the generator, per liter (mg/L); 
2.63 - chlorine dioxide is converted into CL2 coefficient. 
To the skin. 
 
The quality ratio of chlorine dioxide and CL2 is calculated by equation (5) : 
R = c1 / c2... (5) 
Type: 
C1 -- the concentration of chlorine dioxide measured in the outlet solution during normal operation of the generator is per liter per liter (mg/L). 
C2 -- the concentration of CL2 measured in the outlet solution during normal operation of the generator, per liter (mg/L); 
 
The calculation of sodium chlorate consumption rate H is calculated by formula (7) : 
(1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1 (7) 
Type: 
C1 - the output of the generator is dissolved 

岳陽(yáng)市污水處理二氧化氯消毒裝置

岳陽(yáng)市污水處理二氧化氯消毒裝置